1.
BANDA ACEH
Banda Aceh is
the provincial capital and largest city in the province of Nangroe Aceh Darussalam,
the island of Sumatra, with the elevation of 21 meters. The city was originally
named Kutaraja, and determined as the provincial capital in 1956. Kuta Raja
means “City of the King”, in reference to the founding of the Aceh Sultanate
from Champa origins. Later its name was changed to Bandar Aceh Darussalam or
popularly known as Banda Aceh, with the first part of the name coming from the
Persian bandar meaning “port” or “haven”. It is also referred to as the “port
to Mecca”, as Islam first arrived in Aceh before spreading throughout Southeast
Asia.
There are
some historical destinations in Banda Aceh that worth to be visited. Those
historical sites are remain the historical in past times. For instance: The
House Of Cut Nyak Dien. Cut Nyak Dien was an Indonesian’s woman revolutionist
from Aceh. The house is a replica of the heroine Cut Nyak Dhien House, from the
Aceh War.
The Great
Mosque of Baiturrahman. Baiturrahman is a great mosque located at the heart of
Banda Aceh, The mosque with a very fascinating architecture. This mosque is
incredibly standing over times. This magnificent mosque had prove its existence
when the Tsunami came in 2004, and the mosque were remain exist elegantly on
the ground.
Other
destinations in Banda Aceh are: Gunongan and Taman Putroe Phang, Graveyard in
Bitay Village, The Museum Aceh, Indonesian Airline Monument, Ulee Lheue-Banda
Aceh. Moreover, after the Tsunami tragedy in 2004, there are still some ruin
that finally become the destination tour regarding the tragedy on 2004. The
Tsunami Tour shown Fisherman boat on an inhabitant house, Floating Electric
Generator Ship and Tsunami Monument & Garden
Sumber : www.Indonesia-Tourism.com
The official name of the city was Bandoeng during
the days of Dutch East Indies.
The earliest reference to the city dates back to 1488,
although archaeological findings suggest a type of Homo erectus species had long previously lived on the banks of the
Cikapundung River and around the old lake of Bandung During the seventeenth and
eighteenth centuries, the Dutch East Indies Company (VOC) opened plantations in the Bandung area. In 1786, a
supply road connecting Batavia (now Jakarta), Bogor, Cianjur, Bandung, Sumedang and Cirebon was constructed. In 1809, Napoleon
Bonaparte, French Emperor and conqueror of much of
Europe including the Netherlands
and its colonies, (before his ultimate downfall at Waterloo in 1815) ordered
the Dutch Indies Governor H.W. Daendels
to improve the defensive systems of Java to protect against the British
in India. Daendels built a road, stretching approximately 1,000 km
(620 mi) from the west to the east coast of Java, passing through Bandung.
In 1810, the road was laid down in Bandung and was named De Groote Postweg
(or the 'main post road'), the present-day site of Asia-Afrika Street. Under
Daendels' orders, R.A. Wiranatakusumah II, the chief administration of the Bandung regency at that
time, moved its office from Krapyak, in the south, to a place near a pair of holy
city wells (sumur Bandung), the present-day site of the city square (alun-alun).
He built his dalem (palace), masjid agung (the grand mosque) and pendopo
(public-official meeting place) in the classical orientation. The pendopo faces
Tangkuban
Perahu mountain, which was believed to have a
mystical ambience.
In 1880, the first major railroad between Batavia and Bandung was completed, boosting light industry in Bandung. Chinese from outside the city flocked in, to help run facilities, services and selling vendor machines. The area around the train station is still recognisable as the old Chinatown district. In 1906, Bandung was given the status of gemeente (municipality) and then twenty years later stadsgemeente (city municipality).
In the beginning of the 1920s, the Dutch East Indies
government made plans to move the capital of Dutch East Indies from Batavia to
Bandung. Accordingly, during this decade, the Dutch colonial government started
building military barracks, the central government building (Gouvernments
Bedrijven, the present-day Gedung Sate)
and other government buildings. However, this plan, was cut short by World War II, after which the Dutch were not able to re-establish
their colony.
The fertile area of the Parahyangan Mountains surrounding
Bandung supports productive tea plantations. In the nineteenth
century, Franz
Junghuhn introduced the cinchona (kina) plant. With its cooler elevated landscape,
surrounded by major plantations, Bandung became an exclusive European resort
area. Rich plantation owners visited the city on weekends, attracting ladies
and business people from the capital, Batavia. Braga Street grew into a promenade street with cafes, restaurants and
boutique shops. Two art-deco style hotels, Savoy Homann and Preanger, were
built in the vicinity of the Concordia Society, a club house for the wealthy
with a large ballroom and a theatre. The nickname "Parijs van Java"
was given to the city.
After the Indonesian Independence in 1945, Bandung was determined as the capital of West Java province. During the 1945–1949 independence struggle against the Dutch when they wanted to reclaim their
colonies, Bandung was one of the heaviest battle places. At the end of World
War II nearly no Dutch troops were in Java. Before restoring Dutch sovereignty,
the British took a military hold on Java's major cities. The British military
commander set an ultimatum for the Indonesian combatants in Bandung to leave
the city. In response, on 24 March 1946, much of the southern part of Bandung
was deliberately set alight as the combatants left; an event known as the Bandung
Lautan Api or 'Bandung Sea of Flame'.
In 1955, the first Asian-African Conference – also known as the Bandung Conference – was held
in Bandung by President Soekarno, attended by head of states
representing twenty-nine countries and colonies from Asia and Africa.The
conference venue was at the Gedung Merdeka, the former Concordia Society
building. The conference announced 10 points of declaration on world peace
promotion and oppositions against colonialism, known as the Declaration of
Bandung, which followed by wave of nationalism movements around the globe and
remapped the world politics.The conference was also the first international
conference of people of color in the history of mankind. Richard
Wright in his book, The
Color Curtain, captured the epic meanings of the conference for people of
color around the world.
In 2005, the concurrent Asian-African Conference also
taking partly in Bandung, bringing world figures such as President of Indonesia
Susilo B. Yudhoyono, President of China Hu Jintao, Prime Minister of India
Manmohan Singh, President of South Africa Thabo Mbeki, President of Nigeria
Obasanjo, and countless other luminaries.
In 1987, the city boundary was expanded with the Greater
Bandung (Bandung Raya) plan; a relocation of higher concentration
development outside the city in an attempt to dilute some of population in the
old city. During its development, however, the city core is often uprooted, old
faces are torn down, lot sizes regrouped, and what was idyllic residence is
bustling chain supermarkets and rich banks.
Sumber : http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandung
3.
PALEMBANG
In ancient times, the area of South Sumatra, Jambi Province and part of a
unique wilderness and beautiful. Dozens of large and small rivers
originating from the Bukit Barisan, the mountains around Mount Dempo, and the
Lake Ranau flows in the region. Thus, the area is known as the Batanghari
Nine. Large river that flows in the region including Komering River, River
Lematang, Ogan River, Rawas River, and several river which empties into the
River Musi. There are two Musi River which empties into the sea in the
adjacent area, namely that through the Musi River in Palembang and the Musi
River Banyuasin slightly to the north.
Because many large rivers, lowland circular from the
area of Jambi, South Sumatra, Lampung province to an area that has many small
lakes. The origin of small lakes that are flooded swamp ocean tide. While
the city of Palembang, known now by history is a river island in
Malay. The small island was a hill named Bukit Seguntang Mahameru.
The uniqueness of the place other than rimbanya dense
forests and many small lakes, and many flowers that grow fast, as long as the
area was inhabited by a goddess with the ladies in her ladies. Goddard was
called Princess Goda. Actually, she named Princess Ayu Sundari.Dewi and
her ladies were ladies in the jungle forest inhabit, slope, and the peak of
Bukit Barisan and the islands now known as Malaysia. They liked to come to
the area Batanghari Nine to mingle and bathe in the lake, crystal clear rivers,
or coastal area, ramps, and length.
Because of the large river which empties into the sea,
the voyagers of that era easily fit through the rivers to the deep, even to the
foot of the mountain, which was fertile and prosperous area. Then there
was communication between the traders, including traders from China with the
local population. The area became crowded by locals with trading between
dealers. Consequently, the goddesses of heaven feel annoyed and look
elsewhere.
Meanwhile, many people come around the Musi River to make a home
there. Because of South Sumatra is a swampy lowland, the inhabitants make
a house called the raft.
It was Hill Seguntang Mahameru be the center of human attention as the soil
is fertile and various interest bodies in the area. Malay River Hill
Seguntang Mahameru place is also famous.
Therefore, people who have lived in the Malay River, especially the town of
Palembang, now calling themselves as residents of Sungai Melayu, which later
turned into a pen sat Malay.
According to the old Malay language, the word means
the lowland valley which flooded many, sometimes drowning sometimes
dry. Thus, the population of the highlands who want to Kilkenny will often
say to me Lembang. So did the immigrants who entered the River Musi
said it would to Lembang.
Once when Princess Ayu Sundari and retinue were still in Bukit Seguntang
Mahameru, there is a ship that crashed in South Sumatra coast. Three of
the sisters there was the king's son Iskandar Zulkarnain. They survived the
crash and stranded on Mount Seguntang Mahameru.
They were greeted Princess Ayu Sundari. The
eldest son Raja Iskandar Zulkarnain, Sang Sapurba then married to Princess Ayu
Sundari and his two brothers married to the daughter's family.
Because Hill Seguntang Mahameru dwells Malay River,
then the Sapurba and his wife claim to be a Malay. Their offspring later
developed and participate in local activities Lembang. Lembang name more
famous.Then when people want to Lembang always said it would be to Kilkenny.The
word pa in old Malay language indicates the place or location.Economic growth
is increasingly crowded. Musi River and the River Musi Banyuasin be a
strong point known as trade to other countries. Lembang name was changed
to Palembang.
4. MAGELANG
In Mantyasih stele, it mentioned the name of King Watukura Dyah
Balitung, as well as 829 Çaka bulan Çaitra tanggal 11 Paro-Gelap Paringkelan
Tungle, Pasaran Umanis hari Senais Sçara atau Sabtu, which means Saturday, 11 April
907. The village Mantyasih was made by the king as tax-free village which was
led by a patih (similar to Prime Minister nowadays). Also mentioned are
Mount Susundara and Mount Wukir Sumbing which is now known as Mount Sindoro and
Mount
Sumbing.
The city has historically been a military post, dating back to the
Dutch
East Indies colonial
era. It subsequently acted as an army stronghold for Indonesian
pro-independence movements against the Dutch government during the resistance period. Currently, it is host to
two military landmarks: The National Military Academy, and the only military-associated
school, Taruna
Nusantara.
After the independence of Indonesia, Magelang
became kotapraja (same level as a district) and then kotamadya
(same level as city).
5. SURABAYA
Formerly, in the vast ocean frequent fights between Shark Sura
with Crocodile. They fight over prey scramble. Both are equally strong, equally
competent, equally smart, equally ferocious and equally greedy. Already many times
they fight nobody ever wins or lose. Eventually they entered into the
agreement. The deal is to divide the territory into two. Sura ruled supreme in
the water and had to find their prey in the water, while crocodiles power on
land and prey must be located on the mainland. As the boundary between land and
water, is reached by sea water at low tide. The deal was approved by both.
With the division of the territory, it is no longer a fight
between Sura and Crocodile. Both have agreed to respect each region. But one
day, Sura Shark prey in the river. This is done in secret so as crocodiles do
not know. At first it did not get caught. But one day Crocodile caught deeds
this Shark Sura. Sure, just very angry crocodile sharks Sura broke his promise.
Shark Sura who feel no guilt calm. "I violated the agreement? Was not this
river watery . I've told you, that I was a ruler in water? Now, the river is
right there is water, so it also includes regional power," Shark said
Sura. "What? River right place on the ground, while the area
of your power in the sea, meaning the river is area of my power!"
Crocodile insisted. "Can not. I did not tell you that the water was
only sea water, but also the river" said Sharks Sura? "You
deliberately asking for trouble, Sura?" "No, I think the reason is
quite strong and I was on the part of the right!" Sura said. "You
deliberately palming. I'm not as stupid as you think!" Crocodile said
getting angry. "I do not care you stupid or clever, which importance of river
water and sea water are my power!" Sura did not want to lose. Because no
one wants to budge, then fierce battle between Sura and Crocodile Shark happen
again.
The fight this time more fun and awesome. Jump and pounce on
each other, biting and hitting each other. In an instant, the water around it
becomes red by the blood from the wounds of the two animals. They continue to
fight tooth and nail without a break. In this fierce battle, Crocodile Shark
Sura got bites right at the base of its tail. Furthermore, its tail was forced
to always bend to the left. While fish Sura also bitten her tail until almost
severed, and Sura fish back into the ocean. Crocodiles have been satisfied to
maintain the area.
The battle between fish shark called Sura and Crocodile is very
memorable in the hearts of the people of Surabaya. Therefore, the name of
Surabaya has always been linked to these events. From events is made that the
symbol of Surabaya picture "sura fish and crocodiles".
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